๐ BMI Categories for Adults
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines BMI classifications for adults, applicable to both men and women aged 20 and older.
Category | BMI Range (kg/m2) |
Severe Thinness | < 16 |
Moderate Thinness | 16 - 17 |
Mild Thinness | 17 - 18.5 |
Normal | 18.5 - 25 |
Overweight | 25 - 30 |
Obese Class I | 30 - 35 |
Obese Class II | 35 - 40 |
Obese Class III | > 40 |
๐ BMI Chart for Adults
The following graph represents BMI categories based on WHO data, with dashed lines indicating subcategories.
๐ถ BMI for Children and Teens (Age 2โ20)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides BMI classifications for children and adolescents.
Category | Percentile Range |
Underweight | <5% |
Healthy weight | 5% - 85% |
At risk of overweight | 85% - 95% |
Overweight | >95% |
โ ๏ธ Health Risks of Overweight
Excess weight increases the risk of serious health conditions, including:
- ๐ High blood pressure
- ๐ฉธ Elevated LDL ("bad") cholesterol, low HDL ("good") cholesterol, and high triglycerides
- ๐ฉ Type 2 diabetes
- โค๏ธ Heart disease and stroke
- ๐ซ Gallbladder disease
- ๐ฆด Osteoarthritis
- ๐ด Sleep apnea
- ๐๏ธ Certain cancers (e.g., breast, colon, kidney)
- ๐ง Reduced quality of life and mental health issues
โ ๏ธ Health Risks of Being Underweight
Being underweight can lead to health problems such as:
- ๐ฅฆ Malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies
- ๐ฆด Osteoporosis and weakened immune function
- ๐ง Developmental issues in children and teens
- ๐ฉโ๐ผ Reproductive challenges in women
๐งฎ Limitations of BMI
BMI does not account for muscle mass, bone density, or fat distribution, making it an imperfect measure. For example:
- ๐๏ธ Athletes may have high BMI due to muscle mass, not excess fat.
- ๐ต Older adults may have higher body fat despite normal BMI.
- ๐ฉ Women generally have higher body fat percentages than men at the same BMI.
๐ BMI Formula
The formulas for BMI calculation in different units are:
๐ US Units: |
BMI = (703 ร weight in lbs) / (height in inches)2 |
๐ Metric Units: |
BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)2 |
โ BMI Prime
BMI Prime is the ratio of a person's BMI to the upper limit of the normal BMI range (typically 25 kg/m2):
BMI Prime = BMI / 25
Categories based on BMI Prime:
Category | BMI Prime |
Severe Thinness | < 0.64 |
Normal | 0.74 - 1 |
Overweight | 1 - 1.2 |
Obese | > 1.2 |
๐ Ponderal Index
The Ponderal Index (PI) is an alternative to BMI, more accurate for very tall or short individuals. The formula is:
PI = weight (kg) / height (m)3
Unlike BMI, which squares height, PI cubes it, making it a better indicator of body composition for extreme heights.
โ
Conclusion: While BMI is a useful screening tool, it should be considered alongside other health assessments. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized health guidance.